Learn the 7 vital bladder cancer warning signs that require immediate medical attention, including subtle early symptoms many ...

Urothelial cancer commonly spreads into the layers of the bladder wall, including the muscle. Bladder tumors grow from the inside of the bladder wall through the layers toward the outer lining.

The woman was also discovered to have several bladder diverticula, which are small pockets or pouches in the bladder wall.

suggests a “hidden infection arising from ‘reservoirs of sequestered bacteria” in the deeper layers of the bladder wall. She advocates repeated courses of full dose antibiotics together with ...

Cystoscopic tattooing provided clear intraoperative tumor localization, enabling precise resection and minimizing bladder wall loss. This approach addressed a key challenge of robotic bladder ...