From this understanding, scientists then identified the four characteristic phases of the cell cycle: mitosis (M), gap 1 (G1), DNA synthesis ... points in the cycle (checkpoints) and are known ...

However, recent studies have indicated new roles for centrosomes in cytokinesis and cell-cycle progression ... cytokinesis); most seemed to arrest in G1 phase and did not initiate DNA replication.

A hallmark of tumor cells is an inability to control their proliferation, which implies that these cells are capable of bypassing cell cycle checkpoints and regulation by tumor suppressor signaling ...