For example, a helium atom has an atomic mass of 4, but an atomic number (or positive charge) of 2. Since electrons have almost no mass, it seemed that something besides the protons in the nucleus ...

Helium is notoriously hard to contain because, like hydrogen, it is a tiny little atom even by atomic standards. It also expands about 750 times when it turns into a gas, according to the post’s ...

“At low temperatures, models of reactivity must include the effects of the permanent electric dipoles and quadrupole moments ...

The atom is neutral as it has two positive protons and two negative electrons. A helium atom that has lost or gained an electron is an ion. The ion has two positive protons but one electron so it ...

While protons and neutrons are well-known and stable constituents of an atom, hyperons are unstable and are made up of either one or more quarks. Spotted in cosmic rays more than seven decades ago ...

It is not the same as a helium atom as it does not contain any electrons but it is written with the same chemical nomenclature as a helium atom: \(_{2}^{4}\textrm{He}\) When a radioactive atom ...